ABSTRACT
Lung microbiota and gut microbiota are closely related to lung cancer. Studies have shown that the dysbiosis, i.e., the significantly altered composition and structure of gut and lung microbiota, usually occurs in patients with lung cancer. With the introduction of "Gut-Lung Axis", an increasing attention has been paid to the close relationship between the lung and gut microbiota in human body. A deeper insight into this relationship would facilitate understanding the mechanisms behind the carcinogenesis and development of lung cancer. This article summarizes the composition of lung and gut microbiota in patients with lung cancer and the possible interaction mechanisms, highlighting the importance of the immune system in the Gut-Lung Axis. The effects of lung and gut microbiota on the clinical treatment of lung cancer were summarized, based on which the authors propose that the lung and gut microbiota can be used as novel targets for early diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer.
Subject(s)
Humans , Carcinogenesis , Dysbiosis , Gastrointestinal Microbiome , Lung , Lung NeoplasmsABSTRACT
Objective To analyze computed tomography imaging features of primary adrenal schwannoma.Methods The clinical and radiological data of six cases of adrenal schwannoma confirmed by histopathology were analyzed in this study.Results All six cases of adrenal schwannoma were well-circumscribed,round-like or oval-like,solid and cystic tumors,in which two cases were with calcification,and three cases with septations.On the enhanced CT images,all six tumors displayed progressive enhancement.Conclusion Adrenal schwannoma usually presents a well-defined heterogeneous mass with cystic degeneration,sepations,calcification and characteristic progressive contrast enhancement.
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Objective To analyze the different spreading patterns and the prognostic factors of nasopharyngeal adenocarcinoma (NPAC).Methods The clinical and radiological data of 39 pathologically confirmed consecutive cases of NPAC were retrospectively reviewed.Results In the 1 1 patients with CT/MRI-detected cranial nerve (CN)involvement,there were ACC (n=7),CAC (n=2)and MEC (n=2)(P <0.05).Lymph node metastasis occurred in 40% of CAC,7.7% of ACC and 1 6.7% of MEC (P =0.035). Significant differences were observed in 5 year OS and DFS rates between patients with and without CT/MRI-detected CN involve-ment (P <0.001;P =0.001).In 1 9 patients with early stage disease (stageⅠ-Ⅱ),significant difference was observed in 5 year OS rate between the surgical treatment group and non-surgical treatment group (P =0.038),and the difference was not significant in DFS (P =0.056).Conclusion CT and MRI are valuable tools not only for discovering the different spreading patterns of NPAC, but also for its prognosis.
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Objective To investigate the value of neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in predicting in-stent restenosis (ISR) in patients with coronary heart disease. Methods We collected the data of 618 patients with coronary heart disease hospitalized in the Department of Cardiology in the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University from January 2011 to June 2012. All selected patients underwent coronary angiography and stent implantation, and were divided into two groups according to the average size of NLR. The relationship between the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio and coronary heart disease in-stent restenosis was investigated. Results There were statistically significant differences in the presence of diabetes, high density lipoprotein, low density lipoprotein, the percentage of neutrophils and lymphocytes in patients between two groups (P<0.05) . We found 13 patients (4.2%) and 32 patients (10.4%) with in-stent restenosis in the first group and the second group, respectively, and there was a statistically significant difference between two groups (P<0.01) . Conclusion Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio is correlated with ISR,and has clinical value in predicting ISR.